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All of the activities involved in construction work together to create great projects, big buildings, and impressive structures. Not every activity is used in every project, but it is certain that several different activities are used in order to build a safe, efficient, and functional structure for its users, no matter what that structure may be.
Below are eleven different types of construction activities:
1. Marking & Grading
Marking is one of the first construction activities, which involves marking the area of the plot for reference. This helps the workers to always be able to orient themselves in terms of their workspace.
Grading helps to ensure that buildings are even, last long, and maintain maximum support. There may be particular circumstances when something is being constructed that would require a slight incline or decline to the base surface. In this case, it would be very important that the incline is exactly the correct angle. It is a matter of safety and plays a major role in construction management. Grading uses big machines to help ensure the space is level, or that it is at the appropriate angle that it is supposed to be.
2. Excavation
This is a fairly broad term – there are several different types of construction activities in excavation. In general, the term involves moving earth or rocks out of a certain area to prepare it for construction. This includes basement excavation, which digs the earth out to prepare for a basement to be built. It also includes muck, rock, and topsoil excavation, all of which include removing the substance from the workspace.
3. Concreting
The process of pouring concrete is another major activity in construction. It is often used for the base of buildings, for roads, bridges, pipes, and many other applications. One of the reasons it has become so popular in the construction industry is that concrete is easy to make in large quantities, and it changes states, so that it is easy to work with and manipulate.
4. Carpentry
One of the first activities that comes to many people’s minds when construction is mentioned is carpentry. This is the general cutting and installation of materials that will be used for the construction of a structure. Carpentry used to be a word that described individuals working with wood specifically, but now carpentry means working with several different materials.
5. Brick masonry
Bricks have been used in construction for decades, and are still used often today as a highly efficient material. Brick masons lay the bricks, ensuring that they are laid in a way that is structurally sound. For example, laying each brick one on top of the other allows for cracks to go all along the entire wall. If the bricks are offset, as you will often see, it makes severe cracking of the mortar less likely.
6. Plumbing
In structures that require plumbing, there are specific plumbing activities that must occur to ensure they will function properly. This includes putting in piping and fixtures for both incoming potable water and outgoing waste.
7. Welding
The activity of attaching two metals together using heat is welding, a crucial action in construction used to bind metals, especially for structural purposes. There are different types of welding which can be used for different types of metals and different conditions. All welding is extremely skilled and can be difficult to master. It is also dangerous, so it is important that construction companies have strict safety guidelines.
8. Electrical
Individuals working as electricians on a construction product are responsible for ensuring that the structure will ultimately have full access to electricity from the transformer provided by the electrical company, which is located close to the building. There are several steps that go into the installation of electricity in a build, including temporary electrical needs, a rough installation, and finally the real installation which will be used.
9. Roof laying
Roofing is an important construction activity for ensuring the protection of a structure from the elements, and can help provide stability for the structure. There are different methods used for roofing. Shingles are common for residential roofs, but there are also metal, polycarbonate, and steel roofs, as well as many others which are used for different purposes.
10. Glazing
This activity is basically anything to do with glass windows and doors in a construction project. The term is used broadly to reference the installation of pretty much any glass involved in the construction of a particular structure.
11. Finishing
Finishing in construction means putting on the final touches of a structure in order to prepare it to be used. This includes but is not limited to activities like glazing, flooring, painting, wallpapering, and plastering. It is most often about final aesthetic touches, and slightly less about safety and function, although all finishing activities are a crucial part of a final construction product.
